Plugged ducts

Plugged ducts occur when milk flow is blocked in one or more milk ducts, leading to localized pain and a firm lump in the breast. This can happen when milk isn't fully drained from the breast, causing a backup in the ducts. In some cases, milk duct narrowing can also contribute to plugged ducts, where the ducts become constricted, making it harder for milk to flow freely.

Plugged ducts are common during breastfeeding and can be uncomfortable, but they are usually manageable with the right techniques.

What to watch out for

It's important to recognize the signs of plugged ducts and know how to address them:

1. Localized pain and lump: If you feel a hard, painful lump in your breast, it might be a plugged duct. This can make breastfeeding uncomfortable, but continuing to nurse is essential to clear the blockage.
2. Redness and warmth: The area around the plugged duct might become red and feel warm to the touch. This is due to inflammation and should be monitored closely.
3. Decreased milk flow: You might notice that milk flow from the affected breast is reduced. Ensuring proper milk removal is key to resolving the blockage.

To help clear a plugged duct:

1. Frequent nursing: Nurse frequently, focusing on the affected breast. Start feedings on the affected side to make sure your baby drains it thoroughly.
2. Gentle massage: Gently massage the area towards the nipple to help open the duct. Implement breast gymnastics to remove the blockage. Avoid deep massage as it can worsen symptoms.
3. Proper latch: Make sure your baby has a good latch to promote effective milk removal. If you're unsure, consult a lactation consultant. Read more about a good latch and other tips.
4. Vary positions: Try different breastfeeding positions and place your baby's chin near the plugged area to help remove the blockage.

If the plugged duct doesn't improve within 24-48 hours or you develop symptoms of infection (such as fever, chills, or severe pain), seek medical help promptly. Read more about Mastitis.

Physical limitations or health circumstances

Certain factors can increase the risk of developing plugged ducts:

1. Breast engorgement: If your breasts become overly full, it can lead to milk stasis and plugged ducts. Managing engorgement by nursing frequently and expressing milk as needed is important. Read more about managing engorgement.
2. Improper latch: A poor latch can prevent your baby from effectively draining the breast, leading to plugged ducts. Ensuring a good latch can help prevent blockages.
3. Wearing tight clothing or bras: Tight bras or clothing can compress the milk ducts and contribute to blockages. Wear comfortable, supportive bras that don't put pressure on your breasts.

Other terms

Understanding related terms can help you manage and prevent plugged ducts more effectively:

1. Engorgement: When your breasts are overly full and painful. This can contribute to plugged ducts if not managed properly.
2. Mastitis: An infection of the breast tissue that can develop if a plugged duct isn't resolved. Symptoms include redness, swelling, pain, and flu-like symptoms.
3. Let-down reflex: The release of milk from the breast, triggered by your baby's sucking. Effective let-down is crucial for preventing plugged ducts.
4. Lactation consultant: A professional who can provide expert advice on breastfeeding techniques, including how to manage and prevent plugged ducts.
5. Milk ducts: The channels through which milk flows from the alveoli to the nipple. Keeping these ducts clear and preventing narrowing is essential for successful breastfeeding.