Breast Alveoli
What are Breast Alveoli?
Alveoli are small, grape-like clusters found in breast tissue that play a critical role in milk production. When you breastfeed, your body produces a hormone called prolactin, which stimulates the alveoli to make milk. The milk is stored in these sacs until your baby feeds, at which point the hormone oxytocin triggers the muscles around the alveoli to contract, releasing milk into the milk ducts and ultimately to your baby through your nipple.
Warnings, Tips, and When to Get Help
New mothers should be aware of potential issues related to alveoli and breastfeeding, such as engorgement, blocked milk ducts, mastitis, and low milk supply. Here are some tips for resolving these issues and guidance on when to seek professional help:
Engorgement
Engorgement occurs when your breasts become overly full of milk, causing them to feel hard and painful. To prevent or relieve engorgement, nurse your baby frequently and ensure they have a proper latch. Engorgement usually lasts a few days to a week; if it persists beyond a week or causes difficulty in latching, consult with a healthcare professional or lactation consultant.
Blocked Milk Ducts
Blocked ducts, or what are now referred to as ductal narrowing, occurs when milk ducts become swollen and narrow causing breastmilk to become trapped within the ducts and not flow freely to the nipple. This can lead to engorgement in the alveoli that feed the affected ducts causing localized pain and a firm lump in your breast. To resolve this, continue breastfeeding or pumping, apply cold compresses to the affected area to decrease inflammation, minimize excessive milk removal, and gentle lymphatic massage for the affected area. Blocked ducts typically resolve within 24-48 hours. If the issue persists beyond 48 hours or shows signs of mastitis, seek medical advice.
Mastitis
Mastitis is swelling in the breast which can become an infection that causes breast pain, swelling, redness, and flu-like symptoms. It can affect the alveoli, potentially reducing milk production. To help clear the infection, continue breastfeeding and seek medical help promptly, as antibiotics may be required. If you suspect mastitis, don't wait to seek professional help, as early treatment can prevent complications and promote faster recovery.
Low Milk Supply
Low milk supply can occur if the alveoli aren't producing enough milk to meet your baby's needs. Encourage milk production by breastfeeding frequently, ensuring a proper latch, and considering the guidance of a lactation consultant. If you're still concerned after a week or two or notice signs of dehydration in your baby, reach out to a healthcare professional or lactation consultant.
Physical Limitations or Health Circumstances
Several physical limitations or health circumstances could potentially complicate the normal function of the alveoli, such as insufficient glandular tissue, breast surgery, hormonal imbalances, diabetes, previous radiation therapy, and infections. Consult with a healthcare professional or lactation consultant for guidance and support if you have concerns about your health or physical limitations affecting your ability to breastfeed.
Other Relevant Terms or Concepts
Understanding additional terms related to the milk production and breastfeeding process can help new mothers better grasp the role of alveoli in nourishing their babies. These terms include prolactin, oxytocin, let-down reflex, milk ducts, lactogenesis, colostrum, and the differences between foremilk and hindmilk.
Seek guidance from a healthcare professional or lactation consultant if you have any questions or concerns.
Sources: https://www.bfmed.org/assets/ABM%20Protocol%20%2336.pdf
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